能(neng)(neng)(neng)源轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)主要(yao)(yao)體現在(zai)主導能(neng)(neng)(neng)源的轉(zhuan)換(huan)或更替、能(neng)(neng)(neng)源結構發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)根本性轉(zhuan)變，本次能(neng)(neng)(neng)源轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)主要(yao)(yao)是化石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源轉(zhuan)向新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源，水電和(he)核能(neng)(neng)(neng)以及風能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)為代表的可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源成為階(jie)段(duan)性標(biao)志(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源。為推進我國(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)，2014年6月，習近(jin)平總(zong)書記(ji)從國(guo)家發(fa)(fa)展和(he)安(an)全(quan)的戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)高度，提(ti)出(chu)推動(dong)“四個革(ge)(ge)命、一個合(he)作(zuo)”的重大戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)思(si)想。2017年，黨的十(shi)九大提(ti)出(chu)“兩步走”新(xin)戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)，強調到(dao)2035年確保生(sheng)態環境根本好轉(zhuan)，美(mei)麗中國(guo)目標(biao)基本實現，并要(yao)(yao)求推進能(neng)(neng)(neng)源生(sheng)產和(he)消費革(ge)(ge)命，構建(jian)綠(lv)色低碳、安(an)全(quan)高效的能(neng)(neng)(neng)源體系，為我國(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源發(fa)(fa)展改革(ge)(ge)指明(ming)了戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)方向。

一(yi)、能(neng)源革(ge)命的目的在于推進我國能(neng)源轉型

本次能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)轉(zhuan)型主要受能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)全(quan)(quan)、環境(jing)污(wu)染(ran)、氣候變(bian)化等(deng)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)驅動。進入21世紀(ji)以(yi)來，全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)經濟面(mian)(mian)臨能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)全(quan)(quan)、環境(jing)污(wu)染(ran)、氣候變(bian)化等(deng)三大問(wen)(wen)題(ti)挑戰，以(yi)發(fa)展(zhan)可再生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、減少傳(chuan)統(tong)化石(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、降低碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)量為主要目標(biao)的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)轉(zhuan)型，成為全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)主要趨勢，截止2017年底，全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)超(chao)過150個國(guo)家(jia)制(zhi)定了國(guo)家(jia)層面(mian)(mian)可再生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)目標(biao)和能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)效(xiao)率(lv)提升(sheng)目標(biao)。目前我(wo)國(guo)經濟發(fa)展(zhan)面(mian)(mian)臨能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)粗放(fang)式開(kai)發(fa)利用導致環境(jing)污(wu)染(ran)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)嚴重(zhong)、能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)系統(tong)效(xiao)率(lv)總體偏低導致碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)水平較高(gao)、石(shi)油與天然氣對外依存度過高(gao)影響能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)全(quan)(quan)等(deng)突出問(wen)(wen)題(ti)，亟需通過能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)轉(zhuan)型實現系統(tong)性解(jie)決。

我(wo)(wo)(wo)國能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)革(ge)命的(de)目的(de)在于推進和(he)實現我(wo)(wo)(wo)國能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)轉型(xing)。十八大以來，我(wo)(wo)(wo)國經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)水平有了長足(zu)改善，但受(shou)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)結構(gou)等因素(su)影響，我(wo)(wo)(wo)國能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)水平仍明顯高(gao)于世界平均水平，GDP單位(wei)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)是美國等發達國家的(de)2～3倍，2017年(nian)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國GDP占世界經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)約為15.2%，但能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費占世界能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)為23.2%。目前我(wo)(wo)(wo)國經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)已由(you)高(gao)速增長階段(duan)轉向高(gao)質量發展階段(duan)，推進經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)發展質量變革(ge)、效率(lv)變革(ge)和(he)動(dong)力變革(ge)，需要進一步調(diao)整和(he)優化(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)結構(gou)，推動(dong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)給端和(he)消(xiao)費端能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)轉型(xing)，并在能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)(ji)術創新、市場化(hua)體制機制上(shang)有所突破(po)，為能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)轉型(xing)提(ti)供(gong)堅實的(de)技(ji)(ji)術和(he)制度保(bao)障。

二、新能源占(zhan)主導是我國能源轉型的(de)主要標志(zhi)

本(ben)次(ci)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)轉型(xing)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要標志是新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)在能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)中(zhong)占(zhan)(zhan)主(zhu)(zhu)導。新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)導地位(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)要體(ti)現在兩個(ge)方面：一(yi)是在數量(liang)上，新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)在一(yi)次(ci)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)結(jie)構(gou)中(zhong)的(de)占(zhan)(zhan)比超過煤炭、石(shi)油和(he)天然氣(qi)，成為單一(yi)最大能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)來源(yuan)(yuan);二(er)是在地位(wei)上，新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)處于(yu)新型(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)系統的(de)核心位(wei)置，在能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)生產和(he)消(xiao)費(fei)中(zhong)處于(yu)優先(xian)地位(wei)，化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)作(zuo)為新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)有效補充，處于(yu)從(cong)屬地位(wei)。實現新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)在能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)中(zhong)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)導地位(wei)需(xu)要具(ju)備“三個(ge)前提條件”：

(一(yi))新能源的(de)裝機和發電量必(bi)須達到一(yi)定(ding)的(de)規模

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